Nishi-Kyogoku Swimming Pools
Design: Norihiko Dan and Architects
Jointly: Kyoto City Urban Planning Bureau,
Repair Department, Repair Division and
Facilities Division,Green Policy Division,
Water and Green Environment
Department, Construction Bureau
Mitsuru Senda + Environmental Design Institute
Location: Ukyo-ku, Kyoto City
Use: Swimming pool with viewing area
Site area: 36,000 m2
Total floor area: 30,586.09 m2
Structure: RC
Floors: 3 above ground, 1 below
Completion: 2002
This facility is a sports complex planned in the Sports Athletic Park in Nishikyogoku, Kyoto, consisting of a swimming pool, a children's pool, a gymnasium, an outdoor gate ball field, and an indoor parking lot. The main arena has seating for 2,200 spectators and consists of a 50-meter main pool for international competitions and a sub-pool with a diving board. The main pool with a movable floor is planned to become a skating rink in winter. These pools need to maintain a constant water temperature throughout the year, so a solar system installed on the roof is used to produce hot water, which is then used to control the temperature. The roofs are also designed to be earthquake resistant, with seismic isolation systems installed at the tops of the columns to prevent the roofs from carrying too much load. In addition to the solar system for the main pool, the roof of the children's pool is equipped with a photovoltaic system, and rainwater is collected, filtered, and sterilized in an underground reservoir before being used to sprinkle water on the green areas, flush the toilets, and supply water to the cooling tower.
The plan called for a complex centered around a swimming pool with a total floor area of approximately 30,000 m2 on a 36,000 m2 site. The site was rather small in relative terms, and if everything were to be built in a single-story structure, the building would almost completely fill the site. The overburden generated by the construction of the basement machine room was expected to be approximately 90,000 m3, and if the average height of the building was set at 6 m, the expected volume of the building would be approximately 180,000 m3. If the soft and deformable soil is likened to a "roux" in a stew, and the architectural volume is likened to a "garnish," then the total of 270,000 m3 of stew, including the two, forms a universal half-architectural, half-terrain form. This was the basic concept and starting point of the design. Normally, the remaining soil is disposed of and only the architectural volume is given form, but the reason for starting with a universal form with the addition of both is, first, to prevent the environmental destruction that was expected when disposing of the large amount of soil, and second, to make the overall volume soft and medium in size, so that it can be finely detailed for the surrounding area. The other was to make the overall volume soft and medium in order to enable a fine-tuned formative response to the surrounding area.
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